State Voices

Quotations in this section are drawn from interviews with political leaders in five states (Illinois, Georgia, Nevada, Oklahoma, and Pennsylvania) that were conducted between November 2021 and June 2023 to investigate the state of and changes in women’s political power within state political ecosystems.

What do the Labels Mean?

Search filters provided on this page reflect characteristics of each interview subject, as well as the report chapter(s) and findings that each quotation best supports.

  • State: This reflects the state in which the interview subject quoted served in a political leadership role and on which they offered insights into state-level political dynamics for this project.
  • Subject Type: This reflects the political role that the interview subject quoted held at the time of their interview. The attributions included with each quotation reflect necessary updates to subject titles but are not used for categorization in this field. Interview subjects who concurrently hold/held multiple political roles are included in each appropriate category. “Activists” include those primarily engaged in advocacy and/or activism. “Party Leaders” include party organization leaders, not officeholders.
  • Gender: This reflects the gender of the interview subject quoted.
  • Race: This reflects the race/ethnicity of the interview subject quoted, relying on CAWP’s categories for racial/ethnic identification. Interview subjects who identify as more than one race and ethnicity are included in each group with which they identify.
  • Party: This reflects the partisan identification of the interview subject quoted. For individuals not formally aligned with a political party, we requested their preferred partisan identification for this project. Most interview subjects whose professional work spans political parties identify as nonpartisan for the purposes of this project.
  • Report Chapter: This reflects the report chapter(s) and findings that each quotation best supports. Each quotation may be categorized as especially illustrative of one or more chapters.
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I feel fairly confident in saying across the board with Emerge affiliates what they need is [that] they need more capacity. …I think most of them could use a second staffer, most of them are one-woman shows. A second or third staffer would do wonders, depending on the size of..." Read More

I feel fairly confident in saying across the board with Emerge affiliates what they need is [that] they need more capacity. …I think most of them could use a second staffer, most of them are one-woman shows. A second or third staffer would do wonders, depending on the size of the state. And taking fundraising off the state affiliates’ plates…because it’s a massive time stuck on all executive directors. It’s really difficult when everyone’s fundraising in kind of siloed ways."

Anne Wakabayashi (d-pa)

Democratic Political Consultant and Former Executive Director of Emerge Pennsylvania

Anne Wakabayashi (d-pa)

Democratic Political Consultant and Former Executive Director of Emerge Pennsylvania
The reality that has existed as long as there’s been anything remotely like a women’s movement of any generation, the suffrage, etc. What is the looming question always emerging and re-emerging…is women that are not white women fully having an absolute, a place at the table. …You’ve got some of..." Read More

The reality that has existed as long as there’s been anything remotely like a women’s movement of any generation, the suffrage, etc. What is the looming question always emerging and re-emerging…is women that are not white women fully having an absolute, a place at the table. …You’ve got some of the most incredibly resilient leadership in the ranks of African American women and other women of color. …Are we going to engage and acknowledge what’s the truth about our history and move forward together, join hands to rectify and restore and fully bring women of color into leadership? That’s a question. …Are we making steps and transforming that looming reality that has emerged over and over and over and over and over again…[in women’s] battle for full equality? …There’s progress on it, but…work to do."

Nan Orrock (d-ga)

State Senator

Nan Orrock (d-ga)

State Senator
It is a hard thing to juggle for women [candidates] because people are harder on us. You’ve got to be smart on the issues but you can’t be the ‘b’ word. You can’t be too nice because then you’ll look like you’re a pushover. It’s a really fine balance and..." Read More

It is a hard thing to juggle for women [candidates] because people are harder on us. You’ve got to be smart on the issues but you can’t be the ‘b’ word. You can’t be too nice because then you’ll look like you’re a pushover. It’s a really fine balance and a lot of women get it right and some don’t."

Karen Handel (r-ga)

Former U.S. Representative and Former Georgia Secretary of State

Karen Handel (r-ga)

Former U.S. Representative and Former Georgia Secretary of State
We have seen a real shift in demographics in the State of Georgia taking the state to the left, making it not as robust or viable of an opportunity politically for Republican women, especially in metro Atlanta. The demographics in metro Atlanta shifted so quickly, just in Georgia really, I..." Read More

We have seen a real shift in demographics in the State of Georgia taking the state to the left, making it not as robust or viable of an opportunity politically for Republican women, especially in metro Atlanta. The demographics in metro Atlanta shifted so quickly, just in Georgia really, I would say [in the past] five years. …The donut, if you will, around metro Atlanta is pretty solidly Democrat. I don’t really see many opportunities for a Republican woman there. …[I see] some real shift in the electorate and the growth patterns of the state [where] I think…we are moving to the left."

Karen Handel (r-ga)

Former U.S. Representative and Former Georgia Secretary of State

Karen Handel (r-ga)

Former U.S. Representative and Former Georgia Secretary of State
I’m a young single woman and…as soon as I was elected, the rumors started of who it was that I was sleeping with. …I always have to be on and I always have to be presentable. And I have to make sure that I am dressed appropriately. Like I’m very..." Read More

I’m a young single woman and…as soon as I was elected, the rumors started of who it was that I was sleeping with. …I always have to be on and I always have to be presentable. And I have to make sure that I am dressed appropriately. Like I’m very cognizant [that] I can’t wear shorts if I’m out in an official capacity. …My experience has very much been [that] I have to be on all the time."

Emily Kinkead (d-pa)

State Representative

Emily Kinkead (d-pa)

State Representative
It’s also really hard to recruit people of color outside of traditionally minority-represented districts because when you hear the things that come out of the Oklahoma legislature, when you hear quotes from Republican legislators that are just blatantly racist, it’s hard to convince a person of color to come join..." Read More

It’s also really hard to recruit people of color outside of traditionally minority-represented districts because when you hear the things that come out of the Oklahoma legislature, when you hear quotes from Republican legislators that are just blatantly racist, it’s hard to convince a person of color to come join that work environment. …As hard as it is for me sometimes, it is much, much harder for the women of color in our caucus because there are a lot of microaggressions that happen every day."

Emily Virgin (d-ok)

Former State House Minority Leader

Emily Virgin (d-ok)

Former State House Minority Leader

It’s wonderful that women get elected, but it’s even more important that women get into leadership positions because that’s where candidate recruitment happens. That’s where campaign spending decisions are made and those are the people that are getting the most media attention."

It’s wonderful that women get elected, but it’s even more important that women get into leadership positions because that’s where candidate recruitment happens. That’s where campaign spending decisions are made and those are the people that are getting the most media attention."

Emily Virgin (d-ok)

Former State House Minority Leader

Emily Virgin (d-ok)

Former State House Minority Leader

I think that if the Democratic Party held more seats then there would be more women [legislators] just because of our representation in urban areas, representation in communities of color. I think that a more balanced legislature partisan-wise would also mean that more women were elected."

I think that if the Democratic Party held more seats then there would be more women [legislators] just because of our representation in urban areas, representation in communities of color. I think that a more balanced legislature partisan-wise would also mean that more women were elected."

Emily Virgin (d-ok)

Former State House Minority Leader

Emily Virgin (d-ok)

Former State House Minority Leader
I don’t think Nevada’s ever had barriers to women running [for office]. I think through the decades just culture and time has changed things…[it’s] just more accepted that women are taking a more public role. And so I think some of that is just a progression of time of how..." Read More

I don’t think Nevada’s ever had barriers to women running [for office]. I think through the decades just culture and time has changed things…[it’s] just more accepted that women are taking a more public role. And so I think some of that is just a progression of time of how things have changed. Women have moved out of just working in the home and things like that. And so I think some of [the increase in women’s political representation] is just a result of that change."

Melissa Hardy (r-nv)

State Assemblywoman

Melissa Hardy (r-nv)

State Assemblywoman
As a mother helping other local parties and electeds – when we host events and when we attend events, [I am] making sure they’re kid-friendly or mother-friendly. …We bring our kids to events unapologetically. We just say,…‘Well, these are my kids. Yeah, they are going to cry. They are going..." Read More

As a mother helping other local parties and electeds – when we host events and when we attend events, [I am] making sure they’re kid-friendly or mother-friendly. …We bring our kids to events unapologetically. We just say,…‘Well, these are my kids. Yeah, they are going to cry. They are going to do this [and] they are going to end up probably not [having] the best hair and outfit, but they are here.’ At the end of the day, that’s who we’re working for. We’re trying to make Illinois better for them. …You will see more of this at events – just making it…more family-friendly and using that lens to helping the local parties and the local committeemen and committeewomen understand that when we host events and we want to get people involved in politics, we have to make it as easy as possibly and as family-friendly as possible."

Stephanie Mendoza (np-il)

Evanston City Clerk

Stephanie Mendoza (np-il)

Evanston City Clerk
What gives me concern is that elections are becoming increasingly more expensive. …The reality is that these positions, even at a local level, are becoming so expensive that…it’s going to be…even more difficult for women of color and any people of color to run for office. And I think the..." Read More

What gives me concern is that elections are becoming increasingly more expensive. …The reality is that these positions, even at a local level, are becoming so expensive that…it’s going to be…even more difficult for women of color and any people of color to run for office. And I think the informal political networks of other people of color [are] probably the only things that [are] going to help alleviate some of that."

Stephanie Mendoza (np-il)

Evanston City Clerk

Stephanie Mendoza (np-il)

Evanston City Clerk
I believe particularly in the area where I live, there is an informal infrastructure [of support for women in politics]. I don’t think we necessarily call it a formal infrastructure because a person cannot simply go on Google and say, ‘I want to run for office. Who do I contact..." Read More

I believe particularly in the area where I live, there is an informal infrastructure [of support for women in politics]. I don’t think we necessarily call it a formal infrastructure because a person cannot simply go on Google and say, ‘I want to run for office. Who do I contact to do this?’ Like you’re not going to type it in and it’s going to populate for you. …It’s become an informal infrastructure of local women who support each other. [That] is what allowed me to also make this decision. Not just make it, but understand that with this support there’s more odds of success versus if there was no support being a middle-class, brown woman with three kids that also needs my support. Knowing that I would have needed to raise so much money and also lacked support from other people who would be my colleagues – that would have made it very difficult. It’s not impossible. I’ve seen it. That’s what I’ve done – help people build those networks and raise money. But realistically speaking, that informal network of women makes it easier, at least as a young mother and a woman of color, [it] made it easier."

Stephanie Mendoza (np-il)

Evanston City Clerk

Stephanie Mendoza (np-il)

Evanston City Clerk